A short (and woefully insufficient) breakdown of jobs by education level (in the US):
PhD, MD, LLM, terminal degrees
Research/ivory tower white collar jobs. Depending on area of discipline and school pedigree, these jobs range from difficult to impossible to get. Social skills at a functional/good level are required. $100,000+ starting pay. Raises are slow.
MBA, JD, some graduate/professional degrees
Business management and professional services white collar jobs. Typical candidates are intelligent, balanced people who are well put together. Unemployment for people in this category is nearly 0%, except for JDs. However, since these are usually very competitive people, they are usually unsatisfied at anything less than Fortune 500 companies, Big 4 accounting firms, Big 3 consulting firms, or bulge bracket banks, etc, and these are more difficult to get. Excellent social skills are required. $70,000+ starting pay ($50,000 for accountants). Raises are fast, but job security is low.
Other graduate degrees
Industry white collar jobs. These are usually highly skilled technicians and specialists. Employability depends on degree. A graduate degree in history will probably not lead to a job, whereas a graduate degree in technical writing easily could. These jobs are not as competitive or hard to get as the above category, but unemployment happens (2-4% range). I know many people in this category, and they tell me that the job market is not kind right now. Functional/good social skills are required. $45,000+ starting salary. Raises are steady (4% annual would be normal), job security is good.
Bachelors degrees
Industry white collar or high end blue collar jobs. The B2C service sector employs the majority of people in this category. This is the average salaried employee, and the job market most people are familiar with. This degree is a minimum requirement to convey to a stranger (hiring manager) your interest in, and basic competency in a complex subject area. Social skills depend on the job, with STEM majors requiring few social skills and salespeople requiring excellent social skills. $35,000+ starting salary (or higher for STEM majors, which is true for the above category as well). You may or may not get raises. It may or may not be a dead-end job. Job security depends on industry.
Associates degrees, trade schools, etc
The foot soldiers of industry and trade. These are blue collar jobs. A few examples in this category are electricians, plumbers, data entry, mechanics, bookkeepers, etc. Pay is hourly and benefits are scarce. Job security depends on business cycles, industry performance, client risk, etc. Having a manager you don't get along with could mean you get written up or fired for arbitrary reasons (you have no bargaining power with the company). Often the best outcome for people in this category is to start a successful small business or become a highly sought after private contractor, although most people in this category live paycheck to paycheck and can't afford to hang a shingle. More importantly, success depends extensively on social skills. $12+ per hour starting, although getting full time hours isn't guaranteed.
High school
Clerks, cashiers, line cooks, etc. These are low end blue collar jobs, or some brown collar jobs (what few remain). Job security only lasts as long as the job isn't automated. These are the first people to be cut in down times or when a process is made more efficient. Unemployment and turnover are high. Dead end jobs are the norm. Starting pay is usually minimum wage and benefits are rare. Workers in this category may be exposed to violent crime or unscrupulous managers/coworkers. Until recently, enlisting in the military was one of the best jobs available to this category, although that's becoming more difficult as troop levels are being dialed back.
Below high school
Unemployment is the norm. In this category, your best chance of not going homeless is to rely on charity or government assistance.
Disclaimers
Exceptions exist in every category. This is not meant to offend anyone or single anyone out. These are anecdotes about job markets at varying levels of educational attainment only.