Natural approach to bipolar disorder

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Bumped into this article that just came out.

A Doctor Cures His Bipolar Diagnosis Without Psychiatry: Review of ‘I’
https://www.madinamerica.com/2019/09/doctor-cures-bipolar-diagnosis-without-psychiatry/

Bipolar disorder (nowadays I shorten it to "bipolarity") happens at a different region of the brain than where autism happens (visual cortex). Bipolarity has more to do with consiousness / verbal areas, so it happen more towards the middle and the front the brain, rather than the back of the brain. I am not familiar with those areas, and it seems way too early for me to try to build any cognitive physics model of those parts of the brain. My hands are full... I don't have time to dig into bipolarity. I just know that autism is similar to bipolarity and schizophrenia in the sense that all three conditions represent "two people living inside one single brain," and that the Two-Fluid Model can serve as a starting point to other psychological conditions.

Historically, bipolarity probably happened at the same time as autism and color blindness. The supporting evidence is that all three conditions have roughly the same prevalence rate, and all three conditions are spectrum conditions. By the Square-Root Law, we can infer that they all happened right after the arrival of bow and arrow and the establishment of agriculture. My conjecture is the lesser forms of the three conditions (deuteranomaly and related, BAP and subclinical bipolarity) happened due to domestication of plants, whereas the more severe form (deuteranopia and related, clinical autism and clinical bipolarity) happened due to domestication of animals.

All three conditions happened because of the arrival of organized warfare. Humans all of a sudden became their own worst natural enemies. Natural selection now meant survival of the fittest in the sense of surviving genocidal wars. Color blindness helped with physical combat (because color-blind people can see through camouflage a lot better). Autism helped with technology and organization (accounting). Bipolarity helped with morale rallying of the population via performance arts. The degree of male dominance decreases from color blindness to autism to bipolarity. Bipolarity is not gender sensitive since performance arts is a back-end activity to direct physical combat. Autism is somewhere in between. You wonder why these three conditions stay at the level of 4~5 percent of the population? That is because of decoupling. It's a bit like CMB (cosmic microwave background): when EM radiation becomes decoupled from material universe, it becomes frozen at that level. Similarly, these three genetic conditions have become frozen at their levels. Those successful tribes would expand rapidly until reaching geographic obstacles. Then those genetic advantages cease to become a factor. With the arrival of each new technology, of course there is a new genetic condition introduced to the human population. So, just as color blindness, autism and bipolarity arrived due to bow and arrow and agriculture, schizophrenia arrived after Bronze Age, and Down Syndrome arrived after Iron Age. I have talked about all this before, so, nothing new here. The prevalence rates of all these genetic conditions are "locked" and frozen to the "tribe" population size right after the invention of each technology, translating into the Square-Root Law.

All that is fine, but all that also means bipolarity is something meant by Mother Nature. Therefore, just like autism, there is gotta be some more "organic" approach. We simply need to listen to Mother Nature, understand the message she is trying to tell us, and then figure out the proper way of connecting the brain.

I always say autism has been solved thousands of years ago. If you look into Eastern philosophies, you cannot help but be amazed by their wisdom. And they did all that without modern technology. Although I use fancy analogies and explanations from Quantum Field Theory and modern Artificial Intelligence, I know perfectly well autism was solved already by the Indian and the Chinese, thousands of years ago. We have simply forgotten what we once knew. So, it does not come as a surprise that the author of the book mentioned in the article would resort to ideas from Lao Tzu, like in Tao Te Ching and Hua Hu Ching.

My hands are full. I really don't have the time nor energy to dig into bipolarity. But I think the findings of that book author, can offer clues to our modern approach (cognitive physics) of modeling the human brain.

Oh my goodness, this guy Jeffrey Fidel does have some good ideas. His YouTube channel is at:

https://www.youtube.com/user/opus66/videos

Here is one that talks about "listening to your heart"



This guy is not one of those "McMindfulness" people. He knows what he is talking about. Sure, he doesn't have the modern physics/tech jargon terms that I have. But, hey, don't underestimate this guy. Because, guess what? He has a few video clips on ... (drum roll) ... Riemann zeta function!



For most people in this forum, you don't need to understand what the Riemann zeta function is. You just need to take my word that this doctor is not a simple "McMindfulness" parrot. He is the real deal. Sure, he doesn't have the modern scientific jargon, but his findings are surely important!! !

Complete and utter applause from me ... that he was able to embrace “the self”. As it should be ...
Thank you.

Talking about how to listen to your heart and get out of the bipolar states... This is the message in the fortune cookie I got yesterday at a Chinese fast food restaurant. Ha ha.



Our brain is trained via an algorithm known as "reinforcement learning." Modern reinforcement learning is done in a "digital twin" or simulated environment. Sometimes this is also known as "Monte Carlo simulation." For reinforcement to work, you must have some form of "punishment" and "reward." This is all within the field of modern AI (artificial intelligence).

OK, translating all these into the human brain. I've already mentioned that "attraction" (reward) and "repulsion" (punishment) are implemented in human brains in some areas like nucleus accumbens and basolateral amygdala. So, we have the ingredients for reinforcement learning. We also have the digital twin or simulated environment: that's what our imagination and what our dreams are for. (In fact, I believe one purpose of our dreams is to perform the reinforcement learning.) Combining the two ingredients (feedback plus virtual world), and our brain can get trained.

But the feedback (reward/punishment, or attraction/repulsion) must be connected to our brain in some way. In other words, in the case of neurotypical people, the ideons and eddions must be linked to the feedback centers (nucleus accumbens and basolateral amygdala) via some mechanism. In the particle or "thoughton" approach, this means there must be a new thoughton. Lets call this new thoughton "magnon," because magnets can attract or repel.

OK, magnon is a bit like phonon, in the sense that they are like radiation fields, rather than matter fields (like ideon, eddion, concepton or vorton.) Phonons communicate with the frontal lobe, to our consciouness. Magnons communicate with our feedback centers.

In the Two-Fluid Model, when phonons hold hands and become coherent emissions, we know that means epilepsy. What happens when magnons hold hands?

Yep, you got it. When magnons hold hands, that's bipolarity (bipolar disorder). A rudimentary model is the Ising model. When magnons interact with neighboring magnons, they tend to form coherent blocks. Like icebergs floating in ocean. Only that these icebergs come in two flavors: up (attractive, reward) or down (repulsive, punishment).

Do we have a physical phenomenon where the polarity flips on a long time scale? You bet. Right here on our planet earth. The earth's geomagnetism undergoes polarity reversal every now and then: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomagnetic_reversal. Due to the rotation of the earth, there are only two stable configurations: up, or down. But there surely are some transition periods between the geomagnetic reversals. Surely enough, this is known as "mixed states" in bipolar disorder: https://www.webmd.com/bipolar-disorder/qa/what-are-mixed-episodes-in-bipolar-disorder.

I thought about how to model human consciousness, and the higher-level idea is probably not that hard. It's a bit like MCMC (Markov-Chain Monte Carlo), or Metropolis-Hastings sampler, like random walk. There is certain degree of randomness, but if the variance of the underlying Gaussian sampler is small enough, it walks through some more-or-less coherent path. There is also a component of consciousness memory, a time-series database, that's probably implemented somewhere in the frontal lobe. So, MH sampler, plus conscious memory, and you can implement consciousness. Each time a sample (could be a collection of samples) is generated, then phonons are sent to the back of the brain.

Most people don't have those bipolar icebergs floating inside their brains. (It's like a Ising model at higher pseudo-temperature: only the normal fluid exists, no superfluid). But when they do, those blocks of magnons establish additional connections inside the brain, beyond what virtual phonon connections. So, when the conscious mind shoots phonons to the back of the brain, it can trigger unusual/unexpected responses from other parts of the brain. This is at the root of the kind of creativity that we see in bipolar people. It's a different kind of creativity from autism.

Magnons, like phonons, are radiation fields. They don't form closed loops like eddions/vortons. And when magnons are connected to eddions/vortons, the returned response will surely not follow the paths of the original loops. In fact, there will be little difference between conceptons/ideons and vortons/eddions, when coherent magnon blocks are at work. What does this mean? This means that in the bipolar states, you will not see stimming or repetitive behaviors. Yes, you do see obsession on certain activities, but you won't see a behavior like autistic stimming.

Because feedback centers are used for reinforcement learning, it is understandable that in the bipolar states these people will not need to sleep. There is no need for sleeping. The virtual-world mechanism is already ongoing.

Anyway, all this looks like a promising path to the understanding of bipolar disorder. When magnons hold hands, that's when bipolarity happens. And the flipping of polarity is pretty much like how geomagnetism undergoes polarity reversal.

Of course, the name for the coherent state of magnons would be "polarons." Many of the names I have come up here are actual quasi-particles already in use in physics. But, heck, this is a different discipline and a different context, so I am not going to agonize about the name choices.

So far we have the following thoughton particles. In the Two-Fluid Model, each thoughton has a normal-fluid version, and a super-fluid version, with an associated condition.

ideon --> concepton --> pro-picture autism
eddion --> vorton --> pro-video autism
phonon --> phaser --> epilepsy
magnon --> polaron --> bipolar disorder

We are getting close. We just need one last member to have a more-or-less full picture of the human brain. I haven't really addressed the frontal lobe, yet. That part involves a proper model for consciousness, and it'll be tougher than any of the other brain areas. However, once that part is understood, we will also understand the mechanism for schizophrenia. This is all very exciting.

Here is a paper on using 2D Ising model to simulate geomagnetic reversal.

https://arxiv.org/ftp/physics/papers/0605/0605045.pdf

No need to look at the paper in detail. Here is a plot of the obtained reversal pattern (Fig. 2 in the paper):



Basically, this shows that a plain collection of small "magnons" can induce big chunks of "polarons" that would flip polarity from time to time, thus explaining the alternating cycles of manic and depressive episodes. One important finding is that the time between reversal follows a power-law distribution for many spins, and a exponential distribution for fewer spins. Due to renormalization, a person with bipolar disorder would have fewer "effective spins" or "polarons," so I would think the time between reversal in bipolar disorder would follow a exponential-law distribution. This is something that can be tested.

Similarly, this plot (Fig. 9 in the paper):



when looked at from the angle of renormalization, means that the inter-magnon coupling strength dictates the duration of each episode. Stronger inter-magnon coupling means fewer effective polarons, hence longer duration of each manic or depressive episode.

All in all, the model shows that a system of spins or "magnons" can indigenously cause polarity reversal. Of course, mixed-states are also possible.

In short, we now pretty much understand the mechanism of bipolar disorder:
(1) in the brain, there are some neural pathways connecting cortex neurons to the attractive center (hypothetically nucleus accumbens) and the repulsive center (hypothetically basolateral amygdala) of the brain. These pathways are called magnons here.
(2) magnons sometime becomes entangled among themselves ("holding hands" in my jargon). When that happens, they lead to coherent "polaron" blocks, pretty much like how ideons turn into conceptons, eddions into vortons, or phonons into phasers. However, unlike all those other thoughtons that simply have on-off states, magnons/polarons in their "on state" can be either be attractive or repulsive. That is, they behave like a spin field, instead of a scalar field.
(3) the overall polarity from all polarons can undergo reversal cycles, pretty much like what happens with the geomagnetic reversal. In human brain, that means bipolar disorder with alternating manic and depressive cycles. Of course, mixed states are possible, and some people will have longer manic cycles or longer depressive cycles. But the interesting thing is: you don't need an external agent to cause the polarity reversal... it can happen all on its own!

Now I am finally getting one step closer. A few things first.

(1) Frontal lobotomy: the prefrontal lobe can be severely tampered with, yet, a person usually doesn't die from it. In fact, the person would retain most of their memory. Sure, there will be some personality changes, but overall the person would be functional. How can the prefrontal lobe be so resilient and have so much redundancy?

(2) Both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia can lead to hallucination, delusion, and/or hearing voices. However, the confusion about sense of reality is somewhat different. For bipolar disorder, once you are out of the polar states, you recover your normal sense of reality. Schizophrenia, on the other hand, is a life-long condition, just like autism.

(3) We have three modes of consciousness: (a) the reality mode, where we interact with external inputs (light, sound, touch, smell, taste, etc.) (b) the imaginary mode, where we perform imaginary thinking detached from external stimuli, and (c) the dream mode. It could be that our sense of reality is hardwired to those input sensory neurons, but it is also possible that inside our brain we have some sort of "notary service." (In East Asia, the equivalent concept would be the government's household registrar where they would issue "seal authentication certificate.") This idea is actually not that crazy. See for instance this paper: https://psychcentral.com/news/2017/06/19/neurons-in-psychosis-related-brain-region-help-distinguish-reality-from-imagination/122137.html. As for the dreaming part, I think a whole subset of neurons in the prefrontal cortex are assigned to sleep/dream mode. During dream, these neurons behave pretty much like other imagination neurons. But once a person wakes up, those dream-mode neurons get decoupled from the reality-mode neurons and the regular imagination-mode neurons.

This is the picture of a "seal authentication certificate" that you would get from some East Asian countries. Our brain might have some reality-certification authority that issues similar neural certificates. Without these certifications, life would be tough. Imagine, what if all your memory is fake? I mean, you think that yesterday you went shopping. You are pretty certain about that particular event really has taken place yesterday. But what if it only comes from your imagination? How can you be sure, short of confirming externally with someone or with something? That's the dilemma of people with schizophrenia.


OK, so how do we go about explaining all these observations pointed out in (1), (2) and (3)?

First of all, the resilience of prefrontal lobe against damages, can be explained via the concept of "pointers" in computer science. "Pointers" are memory slots that store addresses of other memory slots. They are like the index cards of libraries in the old days. You can destroy all the index cards you want, the content of the library would still stay intact, because you haven't destroyed the books, yet. The books, in this analogy, would correspond to the neurons or memory slots located in the back of the brain. That has always been my picture about the brain, anyway.

We need some more names. For permanent neurons in the brain, not matter whether they are in the back or in the front, we shall call them "fixons," because they are fixed in space. They contrast with the radiative thoughtons ("radiatons"), such as phonons, or magnons. For the fixons in the back of the brain, we have ideons and eddions, for the neurotypical people. For autistic people we additionally have conceptons and vortons. We shall call all these fixons in the back of brain as "datons," because like the books in libraries, they contain data. We will call the fixons in front of the brain with the name "indexons," because they function pretty much like index card in libraries, or pointers in computer programming. Now, obviously it is possible for indexons to interact among themselves. We call the coherent-block state of indexons simply with the name "schizons." Obviously you now can tell where I am going with all this. But before jumping there, we also need to describe the prefrontal lobe neurons responsible for the three modes of consciousness. Thus, we will have "realitons," "imaginons," and, ehem... "dreamons." OK, that last one sounded funny. But, we are doing science here. And physicists are the ones that came up with "quarks" carrying "colors" and "flavors," so, "dream-on" doesn't really deviate too much from this tradition. Ha ha.

Now let me describe how to build a simple model for consciousness. I call it the "ovarian cycle" analogy. See, women's ovary is an amazing device. It comes with tons of eggs. However, typically in each "ovarian cycle" only one egg is released. You guys could read more online. But the idea is that there is some hormone that stimulates the release of eggs. As soon as one egg is released, the broken follicle would release another hormone, preventing other eggs from being released. I think, inside the prefrontal lobe, something similar happens. Some indexons would "pop up" and be ready to be programmed (recorded). This process probably happens at the rate of alpha wave or theta wave frequencies (around 10 Hz or below). Each time an indexon pops up, it is linked to multiple datons in the back of the brain (say, visual cortex), and/or to some other indexons in front of the brain. Because these indexons are relatively "fresh," the freshly programmed indexons would link up to some form of a "daisy chain," therefore introducing a sense of passage of time in our brain. That is, we can achieve a time series or sequence of programmed indexons.

Now, normally, realitons, imaginons and dreamons would form a single uni-dimensional daisy chain. Pretty much like the single etched groove on an antique LP vinyl record.

However, the problem is when indexons start to hold hands. Instead of a single indexon, a small coherent cluster of indexons can pop up at once. Those are schizons. Schizons may contain realitons and imaginons at the same time, linking to our real sensations as well as to our imagination. (I haven't touched how our brain construct our digital twin of the outside world, yet. That's a whole separate topic.) So, when we go back and revisit those schizons, we trigger the realiton's connection to the "notary service" area of our brain, and we then start to take our imagination as real events that have happened in the past. That's how schizophrenia can happen.

Why is the prefrontal lobe resilient? Because each indexon in the prefrontal lobe is linked to multiple other indexons. Sure, the strongest path of connections forms the daisy chain, the "groove" of the LP vinyl record inside our brain. However, if this main "groove" is disrupted, there are still plenty of other paths of connection, and those paths will now become dominant.

Hallucination/delusion/hearing voice, in the case of bipolar disorder, uses polarons, not schizons. Polarons often are transient thoughtons. So, at some point, the person with bipolar disorder will realize how he/she has believed imaginary passages as real events. That's not the case of schizophrenia. Schizons are more like conceptons or vortons, in the sense that they tend to be permanent. Schizophrenia tends to be a life-long condition.

The fact that realitons and imaginons can interact so easily, means that in the prefrontal lobe they are all next to each other, to begin with. That is, there are no subregions dedicated exclusively to realitons or imaginons. I would think the same is true for dreamons. All these three types of prefrontal fixons are mingled next to each other. That is probably intentional, as it would give the brain a higher degree of resilience against brunt trauma.

Sure, there are many loose ends. For instance, how are the indexons "programmed" when they pop up? Are there more specialized thoughtons for programming, something like "programmons"? How does the brain build a digital twin or virtual world, which is then later used for reinforcement learning of the occipital fixons? What's the mechanism that triggers dream and awaken modes? A lot of things still need to be explored. BUT, at this very moment, we have at least a rudimentary model for consciousness, that can help us understand the mechanism that can trigger schizophrenia. The separation of fixons into datons and indexons, would explain why our prefrontal lobe is so resilient.

In summary, autism, epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, all happen due to a common underlying mechanism. They happen due to renormalization of different types of thoughtons inside our brain. They happen when these neurological entities interact strongly enough, that they begin to form larger and coherent blocks, a bit like ice floating on water.

ideons --> conceptons --> pro-picture autism
eddions --> vortons --> pro-video autism
phonons --> phasers --> epilepsy
magnons --> polarons --> bipolar disorder
indexons --> schizons --> schizophrenia

5 different types of genetic-mental conditions, all explained via one single physics mechanism. Isn't it pretty? And in the process, we have learned a lot about how our brain works.

Yesterday I paused to think a bit about monofollicular ovulation. A woman typically has 300,000 to 400,000 follicles when they start puberty. Think about it, hormone chemicals (e.g. LH Luteinizing hormone, FSH Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) are, well, chemicals. In principle they would affect all egg follicles equally. But then, how can we explain that usually only one single follicle is matured to release an egg? Isn't that remarkable? If you microwave a bag of popcorn, you will have multiple kernels pop at the same time: there is no coordination. Yet, in the case of ovarian follicles, there is clearly coordination across follicles.

Then I remembered about Pluto. Yep, the dwarf planet. When I was a child, we were taught that it was the 9th planet in the solar system. Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet in 2006, because astronomers in IAU decided that it hasn't cleared the neighborhood of its orbit. Think about it. After Big Bang we only had hydrogen and helium, which formed the stars. Then, some stars died and underwent supernova explosion, and spewed out heavier elements into the interstellar space. After that, planets were formed due to coalescence of all these atoms and the primordial hydrogen/helium. In short, atoms coalesced into stars and planets, due to gravity. And the rest of the space became empty. Pluto is not a planet, because in terms of a star's life (e.g. the sun), Pluto is still in the process of undergoing that coalescence process. It's like small dew drops rolling down a leaf to become larger dew drops.

What's the point? The point is, once the coalescence process finishes, like the case of inner planets (say, Venus, earth, Mars, etc.), each planet becomes sovereign in its own neighborhood. Venus, earth and Mars, will not collide into each other. And the space between them stays largely empty.

What does this have anything to do with monofollicular ovulation? Well, the process of coalescing small particles into larger particles is known as "renormalization" in physics. It's the same underlying principle that leads us to autism. If the hormones responsible for triggering ovulation undergoes similar renormalization process, then it is straightforward to explain how just one single follicle would mature in each menstrual cycle.

That is, renormalization provides an endogenous mechanism to establishing a choice. This innocent statement actually has a profound philosophical consequence.

Why? Because our consciousness behaves exactly in the same way. If you play a card game, you are often asked to choose a card. Humans can make that decision. And if you don't want to take the responsibility of making that choice, you could throw a dice and use it to help you make a decision. In computer programming, we often use a random number generator program to select a sample. No matter how a choice is made, it always involves an external agent. Choices are made either by humans, dice, or computer programs. We elect our leaders via voting, but even in that case, ultimately the voters are the external agents that make that choice. We are so used to associating free will and the act of choice to an external agent, that we have come to think about the existence of a soul to drive our mind. We need to think that way, because we associate external agents to the act of choice. If we have a deck of 52 playing cards, we don't see how those 52 playing cards would able to make a choice for themselves. We think of the 52 playing cards as inanimate objects. They can be chosen, but they are not able to make a choice for themselves.

That belief is totally shattered in the face of renormalization. It is as if, all of a sudden, renormalization provides a way for inanimate objects, like the 52 playing cards, to be able to make a choice for themselves. What does this mean? This means that the underlying mechanism of free will, of the act of choice, ultimately has an endogenous explanation, via renormalization. Pretty much like how one single egg is released in each menstrual cycle. Pretty much like how inner planets have cleared the neighborhood around their orbits. With renormalization, we can endogenously create new free wills, new souls ... so to speak. We finally have an endogenous mechanism to make a choice, without any external agents. Renormalization is what makes consciousness possible, out of inanimate objects.

Sigh, renormalization, renormalization. It is such a powerful concept. It has helped me understand autism. And now, it has helped me to understand monofollicular ovulation, and the origin of free will and the act of choice.

As I have always said. The world doesn't stop moving forward. Each day brings a new discovery, a new understanding. Life is fun.

I was thinking, perhaps the ovulation model of consciousness also helps us understand the connection between quantum mechanics and classical mechanics.

See, our brain is an amazingly parallel machine, it does so many things at the same time. However, our consciousness only registers a tiny fraction of the information processed by our brain. It's only in the cases of schizophrenia that some people may get to explore multiple threads of thought at the same time. Otherwise, our consciousness is largely serial: one thought at a time.

In quantum mechanics, particles or fields generally evolve in some mixed states, and there are a lot of things going on. There is much more information than we can possible collect and understand at macroscopic level. In that sense, the underlying universe is highly parallel. However, if we assume that there is an additional "realization" or "measurement" field that acts like hormones in the case of ovulation, and if this "realization" field undergoes a renormalization process to pop up a measurement over allowed states, and performs an endogenous choice process, then, it is becomes possible for a single choice of a pure state to happen. Once this choice happens, the newly popped indexon is also connected to previously popped indexons, and that becomes our reality world. In this picture, two additional fields are necessary: (1) one hormone-like "realization/measurement" field that is capable of undergoing rapid renormalization process, (2) one indexon field that provides coherence to "realized" events, pretty much like case of consciousness, so that at the macroscopic scale, all "realized" events become consistent with each other ever afterwards. The act of measurement makes the quantum world's wave "collapse" so it becomes "pure" instead of "mixed," so the "realization" and "indexon" fields can interact and affect the quantum world, at the moment of popping. Otherwise, the realized world and the quantum world each would proceed without interacting with each other, and the quantum world continues its complex parallelism detached from the realized world. This can solve the dilemma of "spooky action at a distance." We know in the quantum world entanglement holds, and instantaneous change of state is possible. However, this would mean information could propagate faster than the speed of light, and would make quantum mechanics incompatible with special relativity. But if we assume that at the macroscopic scale information is only realized through indexons, then perhaps indexons at the ones following the laws of special relativity. Sure, the underlying quantum world has "spooky action at a distance," but as far as propagation of coherent information is concerned, we are still under the limitations of special relativity.

In short, our reality is held by an indexon field. What we have studied so far in physics is largely about the computing part of the universe. That computing component is akin to the visual cortex in our brain. What we have not studied is the consciousness part of the universe, which is akin to the frontal lobe of our brain. This indexon field records what we call "real" events. I would venture to say that the popping processes are quantized in time, so there is a minimum time interval for the storage of information. As humans, perhaps all we have access to is this indexon field. What we call "reality" is but a tiny part of the actual information being processed in the universe: we are talking only about the frontal lobe, but we are not accounting for all the parallelism in the visual cortex of the universe.

I wonder whether it's possible to have a schizophrenic universe, where we get to explore other aspects of the universe.

I know I am going a bit on a tangent here. But bear with me. There is a new way of thinking about spacetime and gravity, pioneered by the Dutch physicist Erik Verlinde. Here is a YouTube video:



In this context, spacetime, curvature and gravity, arise from information entropy of quantum entangled states, whatever that means. I think all that kind of fits with the idea of an indexon field. Indexon field is what stores information entropy. What we call curvature or gravity would come from some sort of entropy flow, I guess. It's like the indexons would repave/rearrange themselves into new topology, giving the appearance of illusion of a force or curved spacetime.

Of course the math details would be extremely complicated, way beyond my reach. But, the proposal of an indexon field seems like: (a) would help us understand the Copenhagen Interpretation and the endogenous creation of observers, choices, free will, reality and information entropy storage, and (b) ultimately can also help explain the dynamics of the spacetime and gravity, and help us understand what happens in a black hole.

And all these ideas came about because I started to look into autism some years back. Ha! A lot of mysteries about human consciousness, about free will or soul, about interpretation of quantum mechanics, and now, possibly about gravity and spacetime, are no longer mysteries to me. In this bigger picture of things, autism indeed is a trivial and boring subject. I feel sorry for people that are stuck at the most basic things about autism. Not my fault. As I have said many times, the world doesn't stop moving forward. I cannot be slowed down by boring and mundane issues. There are a lot more interesting topics out there, more interesting problems to solve.