In general, the Left and the Right tend to take polarizing stances on many things: Let's break it down for the contemporary U.S. political culture:
Code:
Left | Right
Liberal | Conservative
Democratic Party | Republican Party
Green Party | Libertarian Party, Constitution Party
Progressive | (Right-)Libertarian
Multi-cultural | Traditional culture of dominant cohort
Secularism | Evangelical Christianity, some Jewish people (Zionists)
Feminism | "Traditional" gender roles
Gay rights | Abhorrence to any non-heterosexual relationship within marriage
"Living" Constitution | Federalist/"Strict" Interpretation
Labor | Management/Owners
Environment | Industry
Urban | Rural
West Coast/East Coast | Middle America, the South
Young | Old
Tendency to demonize the wealthy and corporations | Tendency to demonize illegal immigrants, non-Christians (particularly Muslims these days), Arabs, "lazy" welfare/unemployment recipients
An elite of academics, Hollywood entertainers, and some service-industry business leaders | An elite of businesspeople, wealthy old-money WASPs, Christian Right religious leaders, experts from conservative-leaning think tanks, country-music and "Middle America" entertainers
Welfare spending | Military/defense spending
Personal freedom | Economic "freedom" (lessening of regulation of commerce)
Role for public sector | Private sector (free markets)
Civil rights/liberties | Law and order
Empathy | Obedience
Skeptical on "war on terror" | Warhawks
Nuance, shades of gray ("The Waffler") | Black and white ("The Decider")
Indie | Conformist
Obviously when we break something down into two simplistic dipoles, the generalization will tend to break down, but these are the dichotomies held by many in the popular imagination.