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Fenn
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11 Dec 2024, 2:53 pm

https://www.state.gov/defining-antisemitism/

Defining Antisemitism

The Department of State has used a working definition, along with examples, of antisemitism since 2010. On May 26, 2016, the 31 member states of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA), of which the United States is a member, adopted a non-legally binding “working definition” of antisemitism at its plenary in Bucharest. This definition is consistent with and builds upon the information contained in the 2010 State Department definition. As a member of IHRA, the United States now uses this working definition and has encouraged other governments and international organizations to use it as well.

Bucharest, 26 May 2016

In the spirit of the Stockholm Declaration that states: “With humanity still scarred by …antisemitism and xenophobia the international community shares a solemn responsibility to fight those evils” the committee on Antisemitism and Holocaust Denial called the IHRA Plenary in Budapest 2015 to adopt the following working definition of antisemitism.

On 26 May 2016, the Plenary in Bucharest decided to:

Adopt the following non-legally binding working definition of antisemitism :

“Antisemitism is a certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred toward Jews. Rhetorical and physical manifestations of antisemitism are directed toward Jewish or non-Jewish individuals and/or their property, toward Jewish community institutions and religious facilities.”

To guide IHRA in its work, the following examples may serve as illustrations:

Manifestations might include the targeting of the state of Israel, conceived as a Jewish collectivity. However, criticism of Israel similar to that leveled against any other country cannot be regarded as antisemitic. Antisemitism frequently charges Jews with conspiring to harm humanity, and it is often used to blame Jews for “why things go wrong.” It is expressed in speech, writing, visual forms and action, and employs sinister stereotypes and negative character traits.

Contemporary examples of antisemitism in public life, the media, schools, the workplace, and in the religious sphere could, taking into account the overall context, include, but are not limited to:

Calling for, aiding, or justifying the killing or harming of Jews in the name of a radical ideology or an extremist view of religion.
Making mendacious, dehumanizing, demonizing, or stereotypical allegations about Jews as such or the power of Jews as collective — such as, especially but not exclusively, the myth about a world Jewish conspiracy or of Jews controlling the media, economy, government or other societal institutions.
Accusing Jews as a people of being responsible for real or imagined wrongdoing committed by a single Jewish person or group, or even for acts committed by non-Jews.
Denying the fact, scope, mechanisms (e.g. gas chambers) or intentionality of the genocide of the Jewish people at the hands of National Socialist Germany and its supporters and accomplices during World War II (the Holocaust
Accusing the Jews as a people, or Israel as a state, of inventing or exaggerating the Holocaust.
Accusing Jewish citizens of being more loyal to Israel, or to the alleged priorities of Jews worldwide, than to the interests of their own nations.
Denying the Jewish people their right to self-determination, e.g., by claiming that the existence of a State of Israel is a racist endeavor.
Applying double standards by requiring of it a behavior not expected or demanded of any other democratic nation.
Using the symbols and images associated with classic antisemitism (e.g., claims of Jews killing Jesus or blood libel) to characterize Israel or Israelis.
Drawing comparisons of contemporary Israeli policy to that of the Nazis.
Holding Jews collectively responsible for actions of the state of Israel.
Antisemitic acts are criminal when they are so defined by law (for example, denial of the Holocaust or distribution of antisemitic materials in some countries).

Criminal acts are antisemitic when the targets of attacks, whether they are people or property – such as buildings, schools, places of worship and cemeteries – are selected because they are, or are perceived to be, Jewish or linked to Jews.

Antisemitic discrimination is the denial to Jews of opportunities or services available to others and is illegal in many countries.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/anti-Semitism

anti-Semitism

anti-Semitism, (see Researcher’s Note) hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious or racial group. The term anti-Semitism was coined in 1879 by the German agitator Wilhelm Marr to designate the anti-Jewish campaigns underway in central Europe at that time. Nazi anti-Semitism, which culminated in the Holocaust, had a racist dimension in that it targeted Jews because of their supposed biological characteristics—even those who had themselves converted to other religions or whose parents were converts. This variety of anti-Jewish racism dates only to the emergence of so-called “scientific racism” in the 19th century and is different in nature from earlier anti-Jewish prejudices.

The persistence of anti-Semitism into the 21st century and the marked rise in anti-Semitic incidents in the early decades of the century have prompted new consideration of how to define and combat the phenomenon, which has both incorporated old tropes and taken on new forms.


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Carbonhalo
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11 Dec 2024, 3:18 pm

I'm having difficulty interpreting this

Quote:
Denying the Jewish people their right to self-determination, e.g., by claiming that the existence of a State of Israel is a racist endeavor.


Does this include claiming the state of Israel is acting as a racist endeavour?

Because Israel seems to flaunt this
Quote:
Applying double standards by requiring of it a behavior not expected or demanded of any other democratic nation

by continuing behaviour decried by other democratic nations



funeralxempire
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11 Dec 2024, 3:40 pm

Fenn wrote:
Drawing comparisons of contemporary Israeli policy to that of the Nazis.


If Israel doesn't want to be accused of genocide they need to stop engaging in genocide. It isn't antisemitism to hold Israel to the same standards as other liberal democracies, at least if they want to be considered a liberal democracy.


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11 Dec 2024, 6:20 pm

If drawing comparisons of contemporary Israeli policy to that of the Nazis is antisemtitism or not depends on what policy Israeli choose to have.


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11 Dec 2024, 7:08 pm

Screw personal definitions.  Look it up in a dictionary instead.

The Merriam-Webster Dictionary wrote:
anti-Semitism
noun
an·​ti-Sem·​i·​tism ˌan-tē-ˈse-mə-ˌti-zəm,
ˌan-ˌtī-
variants or less commonly antisemitism
: hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group

 SOURCE 

Some personal definitions of "Anti-Semitism" seem somehow slanted to justify a person's own contempt and hatred toward Jews.

Even the political definitions seem slanted to justify one political agenda or another.


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Mona Pereth
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11 Dec 2024, 11:49 pm

Fenn wrote:
https://www.state.gov/defining-antisemitism/

Defining Antisemitism

The Department of State has used a working definition, along with examples, of antisemitism since 2010. On May 26, 2016, the 31 member states of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA), of which the United States is a member, adopted a non-legally binding “working definition” of antisemitism at its plenary in Bucharest. This definition is consistent with and builds upon the information contained in the 2010 State Department definition. As a member of IHRA, the United States now uses this working definition and has encouraged other governments and international organizations to use it as well.

Bucharest, 26 May 2016

In the spirit of the Stockholm Declaration that states: “With humanity still scarred by …antisemitism and xenophobia the international community shares a solemn responsibility to fight those evils” the committee on Antisemitism and Holocaust Denial called the IHRA Plenary in Budapest 2015 to adopt the following working definition of antisemitism.

On 26 May 2016, the Plenary in Bucharest decided to:

Adopt the following non-legally binding working definition of antisemitism :

“Antisemitism is a certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred toward Jews. Rhetorical and physical manifestations of antisemitism are directed toward Jewish or non-Jewish individuals and/or their property, toward Jewish community institutions and religious facilities.”

To guide IHRA in its work, the following examples may serve as illustrations:

Manifestations might include the targeting of the state of Israel, conceived as a Jewish collectivity. However, criticism of Israel similar to that leveled against any other country cannot be regarded as antisemitic. Antisemitism frequently charges Jews with conspiring to harm humanity, and it is often used to blame Jews for “why things go wrong.” It is expressed in speech, writing, visual forms and action, and employs sinister stereotypes and negative character traits.

Contemporary examples of antisemitism in public life, the media, schools, the workplace, and in the religious sphere could, taking into account the overall context, include, but are not limited to:

The problematic items on this list are the following:

Quote:
Denying the Jewish people their right to self-determination, e.g., by claiming that the existence of a State of Israel is a racist endeavor.

The problem is when one group of people exercises their "right to self-determination" in a way that steps on another group's "right to self-determination." The problem with the state of Israel is that (1) it was created by expelling hundreds of thousands of Palestinians/Arabs from their land, and (2) it continues to evict Palestinians, in a slow-motion continuation of the Nakba, in the occupied territories.

Ethnic groups don't automatically have a right to a state. There are lots of ethnic groups in the world that don't have states.

Quote:
Drawing comparisons of contemporary Israeli policy to that of the Nazis.

Before the current Gaza war, any such comparisons would have been a huge exaggeration. These days, not so much. The Nazis were still much worse (e.g. Israel has not built anything like Auschwitz, complete with gas chambers), but the Gaza war has been shockingly inhumane, beyond any justification I can conceive of, given how much more powerful Israel is than Hamas. The number of Palestinians killed, and the amount of civilian infrastructure destroyed, has been truly inordinate. And the war has been accompanied by extremely dehumanizing rhetoric by all too many Israelis.


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Last edited by Mona Pereth on 12 Dec 2024, 12:25 am, edited 2 times in total.

Mona Pereth
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12 Dec 2024, 12:04 am

Fnord wrote:
Screw personal definitions.  Look it up in a dictionary instead.

The definition being discussed here isn't merely "personal." It is an official definition by an international organization.

Fnord wrote:
The Merriam-Webster Dictionary wrote:
anti-Semitism
noun
an·​ti-Sem·​i·​tism ˌan-tē-ˈse-mə-ˌti-zəm,
ˌan-ˌtī-
variants or less commonly antisemitism
: hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group

 SOURCE 

Some personal definitions of "Anti-Semitism" seem somehow slanted to justify a person's own contempt and hatred toward Jews.

Even the political definitions seem slanted to justify one political agenda or another.

The problem is that the IHRA definition is slanted to protect Israel from some legitimate criticisms.


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funeralxempire
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12 Dec 2024, 12:30 am

Mona Pereth wrote:
Fnord wrote:
Screw personal definitions.  Look it up in a dictionary instead.

The definition being discussed here isn't merely "personal." It is an official definition by an international organization.

Fnord wrote:
The Merriam-Webster Dictionary wrote:
anti-Semitism
noun
an·​ti-Sem·​i·​tism ˌan-tē-ˈse-mə-ˌti-zəm,
ˌan-ˌtī-
variants or less commonly antisemitism
: hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group

 SOURCE 

Some personal definitions of "Anti-Semitism" seem somehow slanted to justify a person's own contempt and hatred toward Jews.

Even the political definitions seem slanted to justify one political agenda or another.

The problem is that the IHRA definition is slanted to protect Israel from some legitimate criticisms.


Unless perhaps Fnord is recognizing that the IHRA's definition is slanted towards a political agenda.

Maybe? :chin:


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12 Dec 2024, 6:00 am

^I doubt it was Fnord's intention, but that what's he's actually saying. :D The quoted dictionary mentions nothing about critizing Israel and it's policies.


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