In Polish, we ALWAYS specify if the representative of some profession we are talking about, is male or female and hence we ALWAYS know if that person who uses the term for a representative of said job is telling us about a man or a woman who perfoms it. For example:
Aktor - a male actor. Aktorka - a female actor - an actress.
Kucharz - a male cook. Kucharka - a female cook.
Lekarz - a male doctor. Lekarka - a female doctor.
Prawnik - a male lawyer. Prawniczka - a female lawyer.
Policjant - a male police officer. Policjantka - a female police officer.
You always specify who you are referring to - a man or a woman. For example my first cousin is a "policjant" (male police officer) but if he was a woman, we would call him - her - then - a "policjantka" (female police officer).
And so on, and so on...
There are though, many examples of such jobs, the name of which has only one (typically masculine) form and some more conservative Poles claim that their female counterparts sound just weird and artificial. For example "psycholog" - a psychologist - has only a masculine form but some Polish folks claim a female psychologist should be called in Polish not "pani psycholog" - literally "Mrs. psychologist" as we call such a lady, but "psycholożka" which is its made up, female equivalent. The other people claim in turn it would sound weird and unnatural. There are many such examples but those refer almost exclusively to the masculine names of professions, not having their female counterparts (in the language, of course). Actually, the only feminine names of jobs I can think of now - ones that aren't represented in our language in their respective masculine version - are "prostytutka" - a prostitute (in case of a man/boy who is a sex worker we just add such a person is a "male prostitute" then) and "przedszkolanka" - a kindergarten teacher and in this very case, it's really, really difficult to come up with its masculine version that doesn't sound dumb, weird nor artificial. But it's all just the matter of being used to some language forms - for example, I know that before the Second World War, the Polish word "studentka" (a female college/university student) used to be considered a weird and artificially created one - now I don't know what other word I could use to describe a female student.