Chloe33 wrote:
Chloe33 wrote:
Here's from criteria for Autism:
(C) restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests and activities, as manifested by at least two of the following:
1. encompassing preoccupation with one or more stereotyped and restricted patterns
This is very confusing, yet some interests almost sound like addictions. They would define addictive behavior yet they may be special interests to us.
How does one tell what is an addiction and a special interest that one obsesses over? Can they be one and the same?
Assumingly the doctor uses ASD criteria and we all have different special interests. Yet if they get to the point where they are interfering with daily live things we should do?
Here's the wiki addiction definition which could be better, they are focusing on substance abuse when addiction can have many forms
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addiction
The American Society of Addiction Medicine, has provided a definition that includes behavioral addiction with similar underlying factors as substance addiction; however, the DSM5 has not yet agreed, with that issue pending approval for a diagnostic category sometime in the future.
http://www.asam.org/research-treatment/ ... -addiction
Addiction has been associated with ADHD, and of course symptoms of ADHD are common among individuals on the spectrum. There probably have been more than a few individuals diagnosed on the spectrum with ADHD and behavioral addictions ticked as RRBI's, particularly between 1994 and 2000 when a person could technically be diagnosed with PDDNOS with impairments in RRBI's alone, because of an editorial error in the DSMIV. And, obviously behavioral addictions can affect real life social interaction.
All types of addictions can impact ability to function in every day life, so that ticks another current requirement for an ASD. Seeing a psychiatrist is not something that most people take lightly and not something that many can afford or have access to. A lot of these folks are in prison or homeless, with criminal or hobo attached by society as a diagnosis.
It is probably no coincidence that 4 out of 11 of Kanner's patients had fathers that were psychiatrists.
Access, awareness, and availability for a diagnosis makes the difference, and likely part of the reason that numbers like 1 in 38 come up when fuller scans were done in South Korea. A diagnosis of any DSMIV disorder is a huge stigma in South Korea and those that did not get permission from parents were not allowed to participate, so the number would have likely been even higher with an actual full screening. That's relatively almost impossible to do because parental permission is required in most cases.
South Korea is understood to have a severe issue with video game addictions among children and adults. How much of that is related to the 1 in 38, is hard to say. But, it was definitely not an issue for Kanner or Asperger's patients.
There are other sources of behavioral addiction. It is hard to say where one can draw the line, as dopamine is involved in all pleasure seeking activities. Humans and other primates are evolved for intermittent gratification not instant gratification. The potential for instant gratification per pornography and other stimulating avenues for dopamine, has never been as easily available as they are today. No doubt that is posing problems for behavior in human beings of all types.
People with addiction problems can be the last to recognize it. It doesn't help when behavioral addictions are not recognized by the DSM5 as real addictions. But it is understood that some are more vulnerable than others. I never recognized I had an addiction until I was no longer able to do intense aerobic exercise. Running marathons can and does damage hearts and kills otherwise healthy people, but it is a powerful source of behavioral addiction and one that some can not easily let go of. I doubt anyone with an ASD was ever diagnosed with running as an RRBI, but it could certainly serve the purpose of an RRBI, whether to reduce anxiety, stimulate focus, or to escape social interaction. Endorphins can help sensory issues, as well.
And as mentioned in another thread RRBI's can be fulfilled as a requirement to meet a DSM5 ASD diagnosis by patient history alone. It is the one criterion that the DSM5 working group determined can be adapted to in life where it is no longer a significant source of impairment. It makes sense as an RRBI could be work in some cases, that may or may not interfere with one's home life. But, not likely something that would actually be identified as an RRBI in a clinical analysis.