Moral Behavior and Autism
http://www.technologyreview.com/computing/24602/page1/
This article shows an example of autistics not judging moral behavior by intention. I wonder if it isn't because we have been judged all our lives by our behavior, not intention? They are assuming it's a "brain thing" when it could be a socialized thing.
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Everyone confronted with this scenario agrees that if A knew about the arsenic in the sugar bowl, he has done something morally wrong. If A unknowingly passed the arsenic, however, control subjects do not say A acted immorally, but Asperger patients do.
"For most people, intentions are more important than the outcome," says Gabrieli. But Asperger patients seem to have difficulty separating the two. He and Saxe are using functional magnetic resonance imaging to search for the neural basis of that impairment. (See technologyreview.com/asperger for some sample images.) In previous studies, Saxe has shown that theory of mind appears to be seated in a brain region called the temporoparietal junction.
It would be interesting with another question like: "suppose there is no law and you are the one that make laws, would you kill guy A in that situation?"
I think that the question asked doesn't remove the effect of social conditioning. I think that Aspergers tend to link moral with outcome, but the problem is that the concept of moral could be different in AS and NT so actually you need to remove the need for that concempt from the test.
I know for sure that when I was young I would have replyied like the Aspie in the test. But I already know the difference between the two situation, what I didn't know is what others call "moral".
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Yes.
This is why I hate things like war, because it focuses on intention, rather than outcome.
This is very nice for me, because I have always thought in this way.
If A gave B arsenic, A would still have to go to jail, but there should be pending research into who put the arsenic in the bowl (or in the box at home or in the box at the factory etc.).
But when I read these things I feel like I am lying to myself, because I think if I am aware of it, I have to change it.
There are many instances and situations where NT's directly link morality to outcome. Most of the adult world is about dealing with the often unintended consequences of your actions. Ultimately evolution is not concerned with what you "intended".
This kind of ethical debate would be way to complex for even highly advanced NT children
Most NT adults do not understand the situational; contextual nature of morality even when they hold a doctorate in the subject.
(edited due to not comprehending correctly the first time)
I don't really think it proves a whole lot because I know a lot of NTs that will only look for outcome. "Oh well, no one got hurt, so it doesn't matter." But to me, it matters very much so if someone did something wrong regardless of whether or not anyone got hurt.
That is one of the reasons I don't lie. Because it's simply ill-intent a lot of the time. The outcome is secondary reason not to-because something bad could happen if I do. But I don't think about that first.
Same with theft... if I really wanted to think about it, it's out in the open, I could take this and no one would know. I just don't do it because it's not right. Nevermind the fact that whoever I stole from would then be missing it or anything like that, or that I might get in trouble. I just wouldn't do it from the start.
In the arsenic scenario... no, he isn't morally responsible, because his intention was JUST to pass the sugar... which was something good to do for someone. Now, if he watched the person put arsenic in it and passed it anyway, then yes, he very much did something wrong. If he had no clue... man, of all the times I've tried to do a good deed to have it backfire in my face... he's going to get in trouble anyway, but he didn't do it intentionally.
At least I've learned one new thing from this though... NEVER pass the sugar.
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Sorry about the incredibly long post...
"I enjoyed the meetings, too. It was like having friends." -Luna Lovegood
I must say, upon thinking about it for a while, it's quite funny, because outcome would ultimately matter to those people anyway, the ones who all said intention was more important.
The only reason they said the guy didn't do anything wrong was because they knew for sure... but, if they hadn't seen that, but walked in on the situation of the outcome, that guy would be looked up and down as a downright murderer no matter what reasons he gave. No one would believe him, because they didn't see what happened.
Later on, sure, it might would change as more facts came out, but if they walked in on that scene, they'd cuff him and take him to jail, no questions asked. Chances are, even after he was proven innocent in court, it would be split down the middle-half would still think he was guilty somehow.
When they catch someone doing something, they never ask "did you intend to do something wrong?" before throwing them in the cell.
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Sorry about the incredibly long post...
"I enjoyed the meetings, too. It was like having friends." -Luna Lovegood
Maybe we don't understand the question in the way it was phrased.
When faced with a question like this some of us have a number of related ancillary questions launched into orbit which need answering before we can reach a conclusion.
Most of us are probably thinking did the question mean "if the bowl hadn't been passed would child B still be alive?"
However we probably realize
This is not the same as asking "did child A walk into the cafe with arsenic and put it in the sugar bowl having first run a set of visualizations though his or her head in order to determine the possible outcomes. Have first run those visualization and then chosen the one which showed in (cinematic quality) the consequences of putting arsenic in the bowl would result in the death of child B."
A Child A didn't bring any arsenic
Child A didn't run any visualizations
Child A had no intention of killing child B .
But
if the sugar bowl hadn't been passed Child B would still be alive.
These are the two answers to the same question.
All NT's do is shorten "Did Child A intend to kill child B?"- to "Did child A kill child B ?" and illogically expect us to pick up this dual meaning.
Now, if it was worded that way to me, then yes, he did kill B... but he didn't mean to, lol. I am not sure I could get around that, and am not sure that any questioning after saying "yes" would even be taken into account.
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Sorry about the incredibly long post...
"I enjoyed the meetings, too. It was like having friends." -Luna Lovegood
How can you put yourself into the " mind " of something as abstract as Child A ? It has no described "mind" nor qualities of one.
Child A has no described points of reference to give it "position" into which we can put ourselves.
How can we locate what we are supposed to model if there no location references.
This Child A / Child B is dumb question to ask us basically.
Being deliberately Aspi here if you didn't already get that.
Do you like bears?
Yep, that seems to be so, and in that last paragraph about it posted above, they mentioned theory of mind, so I'm pretty sure they were talking about that. I initially posted about this, saying it's not so much the morality, I don't think, but the problem with theory of mind essentially. Because those people KNEW that the arsenic was in the sugar, it seems they were having trouble distinguishing between them now knowing it and person A still being unaware at the time.
I first thought about the Sally-Ann test.
The procedure goes thus:
You introduce the child to two dolls, Sally and Ann, and show the child that each doll has her own box, with a marble hidden inside. Then you tell the child that Sally is going out for a minute, and remove the doll from the scene, leaving her box behind.
Next, you tell the child that Ann is going to play a trick on Sally: she opens Sally's box, removes the marble, hiding it in her own box. Sally returns, unaware of what happened and you ask the child where Sally would look for her marble.
A child with Theory of Mind will realise that Sally doesn't know that Ann has played a trick on her, and will therefore look in her own box for her marble, and discover it missing. But a child lacking in Theory of Mind will only see the situation from her own point of view, and suggest that Sally look for the marble where it actually is: in Ann's box.
Very small children will not be able to guess correctly in this test, since Theory of Mind takes time to develop, but most children should be able to do the test by 6 or 7 years old at the latest and some as young as three years old can. However, it is thought that most children with ASDs will not be able to complete the test, and many AC adults cannot.
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Sorry about the incredibly long post...
"I enjoyed the meetings, too. It was like having friends." -Luna Lovegood
This Child A / Child B is dumb question to ask us basically.
Being deliberately Aspi here if you didn't already get that.
Do you like bears?
LOL
_________________
Sorry about the incredibly long post...
"I enjoyed the meetings, too. It was like having friends." -Luna Lovegood
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