As far as empathy goes some speculate that there are people on the Autism Spectrum that experience empathy in such a strong way that they psychologically block out the feelings associated with it.
I just posted about this in another area of the forum, i'll copy it here because this place is so vast.
SearchforSerenity wrote:
I see this is an old thread, but since it was commented on I wanted to post. The quote above is explaining sympathy and empathy backwards. Empathy is when you feel what another is feeling, and sympathy is where you show understanding.
I am glad someone pointed that out!
There's a third word to consider here, which is perhaps the bridge between sympathy and empathy, and that is
compassion. Compassion means "co-suffering," or to suffer with.
Here's how I'd break it down: NT's talk about empathy but actually, the NT mode/mood is entirely devoid of real empathy, because to be NT means to be locked into your own little "me" ID. This is why they talk about it so much and why they feel threatened by autists who mirror back at them their own (the NTs) internal coldness. (Pls. note when I say "they" it's just short hand, I am talking about myself here, to a degree, though I am on the autist spectrum).
The NT version of empathy is sympathy: it's a kind of simulation, which requires identifying mentally with the other person and then feeling bad or sorry for them, basically because they wouldn’t want the same thing to happen to them. This is effective to a degree, but it only works with other NTs, because it's kind of an act.
Empathy is not merely to imagine being in the other person's shoes but actually to experience their distress, or whatever, as one's own. It's a "psychic" connection. Empaths are telepathic, and autists are empaths, I believe; hence the huge irony of NTs saying that autism entails a lack of empathy. It's really the reverse, I think, in that autists are so susceptible to the "unconscious load" of other people, their pain and suffering, beyond what even the NT may be aware of him or herself, that they shut down and cannot express
anything. Hence they appear cold and disconnected.
(My wife is more autistic than I am, so I am speaking from experience.)
Compassion is the bridge - because it is via compassion that we allow ourselves to feel and express the empathic pain we feel for/with another, as sympathy, understanding, etc. This is the hardest thing of all. For an NT, it's easy enough to express sympathy when you don't really feel the other's pain. For an empath, it's all too easy to feel what the other's feeling (or even what they don't let themselves feel). But to feel it
and express/communicate it, that is something very few people can do, either among NTs or auties, albeit for opposite reasons: NTs don't feel enough, auties feel
too much.