The DSM-IV-TR diagnostic nosology has a node-leaf structure. These are underpinned by ICD-9-CM codes used for insurance purposes. The ICD-9-CM uses x.8/9 for not otherwise specified (NOS) diagnoses in a given category. For example, DSM-IV-TR "Asperger's Disorder" has ICD-9-CM code 299.80, which technically gives it the code of Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified. The UN World Health Organization published the ICD-9 back in 1977, and the U.S. medical-insurance industry has been trying to lurch along with its Clinicial Modification until just recently (Medicare is finally forcing the industry to update to the ICD-10-CM, and the ICD-10 was only published in 1991 with a specific code for Asperger's Syndrome).
Code:
+ Axis I
+ Mood Disorders
+ Depressive Disorders
- Dysthymic Disorder
+ Major Depressive Disorder
- Single Episode
- Recurrent
- Depressive Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified (minor depression, brief depressive episodes, etc.)
+ Bipolar Disorders
- Cyclothymic Disorder
- Bipolar I Disorder
- Bipolar II Disorder
- Bipolar Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified
- Mood Disdorder Due to a General Medical Condition
- Substance-Induced Mood Disorder
- Mood Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified
Things will change considerably in the DSM 5, and the ICD-10 separates manic episodes without the presence of depressive episodes from bipolar affective disorders.