Genres with some artist names associated off the top of my head.
Romantic (Edward Elgar)
Atonal Minimalism (Krzyszcztof Penderecki, Ianni Xenakis)
Philly Disco (The Trammps)
Montreal Disco (Kebekelektrik)
American Disco
Euro Disco
Space Disco
Balearic Disco
Progressive Disco (Skatebård)
Spacesynth (Alek Szahala)
Hi-NRG (Divine)
Robot Pop (Kraftwerk, Anthony Rother)
Electro-funk
Electrobass (Drexciya)
Miami Bass
Techno Bass (Drexciya, Underground Resistance, Ectomorph)
Ghettotech
Booty Bass
Chicago Juke
Detroit Techno (Juan Atkins, Jeff Mills, Mad Mike, Drexciya)
London Acid (Chris Liberator, Ant, Geezer)
Yorkshire Techno (BeNi)
Newcastle Techno (DJ Smurf, Fracture 4)
Scottish Techno
Bristol Techno (The Producer, Hellfish)
Frenchcore (Fracture 4, Manu le Malin)
Terrorcore
Speedcore (DJ Plague, Interrupt Vector)
Breakcore (Fishead, Laf-O, Skeeter)
Industrial Techno (Broken Rules, Lenny Dee, Stormtrooper)
Polish Techno
Hard Techno
Schranz (Chris Liebing, DJ Rush, Alex Calver, Speedy J)
Acidcore (Pete Skank, Lasse Steen, Traffik)
Gabber
Happy Gabber (Fred Gabberstein)
Belgian New Beat
Dutch Rave (Channel X)
London Rave (LA Style)
Happy Hardcore (Bang!)
Freeform (DJ Sharkey)
Finnish Freeform (Alek Szahala, FIN-RG)
Cheesecore
Japanese Hardcore (M-Sequence)
German Techno (Umek, Sven Väth)
Progressive Techno (Ursula Frequency, Inigo Kennedy, Chris McCormack)
Progressive House
Acid House
UK Hard House (BK)
Chicago Hard House
Ragga Jungle
Jungle
Techstep
Darkstep (Current Value, Noisia, Black Sun Empire)
Electro-Minimalism (Anthony Rother)
Brutalism (Delia Derbyshire)
Synthpop (Anthony Rother)
Acid Breaks
Progressive Breaks
Drone
Ambient
Tech Death Metal
Progressive Metal
Progressive Rock
Post-jazz
Easy Rock
Psytrance
Acid Trance (Earth Nation)
Hard Trance
nascent or classic Trance