How do I tell my boyfriend I have HFA/AS?

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Your relationship is your relationship, generalizations have no bearing on it because you are an individual.

Anyway, back to your original question:

I do not see why you should tell your boyfriend you have HFA/AS/"other label". There's than expression, that telling someone something they do not understand is the same as telling them a lie. In my personal experience, telling someone you have "diagnosis" just opens a can of worms, and gives them all sorts of bad ideas. He might look up an article about Aspergers and have to sort through the misconceptions society has. He'll think you have a "male brain" and you have no empathy, you're immature and don't know how to love, that you can't do all sorts of things.

Instead, just deal with specific things as they come up. If you have trouble socializing, just say you have trouble socializing. Saying its because of aspergers does not make it any more or less legitimate. If you have sensory issues about xyz, just say you have sensory issues about xyz.

I'm in a long-distance relationship, not as long a distance as yours, but hopefully I can help somehow, even a little?

Opinions are good and all, but only if they are helpful and constructive, so I'd do as nostromo suggests and ignore any comments made about what constitutes as a relationship and what does not.

A long distance relationship is still a relationship, and my AS partner and I find communicating online easier than in person.

It depends on what you have already mentioned to him, but online it can be much harder to tell these things, much like how it's hard to tell someone's age or gender when talking online.
It's important to let him know though. It'll help both of you avoid any complications or worries.
I know things like that can be hard to just blurt out, it took me some time to admit my General Anxiety Disorder for example, but GAD is different to AS so I don't know if I can compare.

There's nothing bad that can come out of mentioning it, even if you feel that way, the only thing you'd be doing is providing your boyfriend with more information about yourself, which is always good to do
I'd suggest trying to bring the subject up, and then mention some of the things you have difficulty with or things you have come across etc etc as any brief/general information you give about AS to your partner may not always apply to you, and it'll help them understand yourself better rather than the dictionary definition of AS so to speak. It may also feel more natural to say if you just mention these things too?
I would suggest sending him a note on facebook mentioning that you have certain difficulties, explain what those are, and then mention that what you're describing is HFA/AS. It can be an awkward and nervous subject to bring up these things, but it'll feel like a relief when your boyfriend responds in an interested or accepting way

About being scared about your parents...I worry about mine too, the best thing you can do is be there for them for now and help them out whilst you can. Don't worry about the future, just concentrate on the time you have with them now. Live day by day and try and spend some time with them. I'm not sure what the circumstances are, but just enjoy your time with them that you have right now.

I hope my ramblings helped you a little somehow x.x *feels unhelpful as usual*

I don't think I can add anything to what sunflowerpip already said regarding the subject of telling your partner, listen to her.

In response to the original post:
Here are some things to consider/ask yourself/ask him:

Is AS/HFA causing any problems in the relationship currently?
Later in the relationship, could it cause any problems? (As in how would it affect the relationship if you ever become more intimate; doesnt matter if it is staying online or meeting in person.)
How easily are the problems worked around? Does/Would it require more effort from him, or you?
What are his expectations of you? (This affects how much effort you would have to put forth)
What are his expectations of himself? (This would determine how much he would be willing to work to help you overcome difficulties you have, if you need him to)

If the problems can be worked around without ever bringing up AS/HFA then don't even bring it up. If he is understanding in your troubles with social and possibly sensory/functional issues, then you are fine.
If, however, he is not understanding your disabilities even after you explain it, and it is causing problems between the two of you, then tell him that everything you have been describing is what AS/HFA is. Tell him nothing about you has changed because you told him you have it.

To put it simply, anyone can respect that someone has trouble with certain aspects of life. Everyone has their quirks.
Few understand the degree of that difficulty (or impossibility) that people with AS/HFA have with certain things.
So the only reason to tell him you have it, is if he expects you to do something you literally can't, and he doesn't understand that you are not just "being difficult"/stubborn/unsympathetic (whatever the problem may be)

I have a long distance relationship. It has been going on for 5 years. I have met the awesome guy twice in person throughout this period, for a few days each time mostly under parent supervision. We are going to move together if we stay together until we get the opportunity.
I must note, if neurotypicality had a spectrum, my BF would be on an extreme end. XD
He doesn't understand that my difficulties can't be overcome just by motivation and support, and he doesn't understand what AS/HFA really is, and so refuses to believe I have it.
HOWEVER, despite all of this, he still loves me and doesn't give up in trying to help me in his own way.

So, unless your boyfriend has a phobia of disabilities, or is paranoid it could affect his image in a negative way, I think you are safe. The fact he is dating someone who is not Japanese is a good sign he is probably more open minded than some in the culture.

If he is paranoid that it will affect his image, you can always say no one has to know it other than him, and you are only telling him because he might need to know.
I mean, if you're high functioning many people might not even notice, especially in a Japanese culture, as someone mentioned in the thread earlier.

I hope this helps. If I have been unclear, please ask for clarification. I also apologise if I have said anything offensive.
Good luck with your relationship, and I suggest ignoring anyone who wants you to think it can't work successfully. Even if you never move together, even if it fails, it's not your fault. Just remember that. Do what you think is right, or rather, don't stress yourself trying to pretend to be someone you are not.

Hai. Us who have gone down the same path as you OP are here. That's all I really had to say.