Let's see if I can restrain myself sufficiently to only delicately touch the very uppermost leaflets of an answer to this delightful question.
(Taking a deep, determined breath before strapping on the muzzle.)
As mentioned above, Tony Attwood's book, The Complete Guide to Asperger's, is standard.
It's a generally excellent, and comprehensive beginning. Tiny nothings perfect cavil, it does degenerate into really simple stereotypes at times. However, as he's currently writing a book on relationships, future editions of the Complete Guide are likely to get even better.
Asperger's From the Inside Out,, by Michael John Carley, the founder and executive director of GRASP, is a good entry point for a recently diagnosed adult with Aspergers.
All the memoirs are fascinating, and worth reading, but tend to speak in universals based on a sample group of one. You're likely to find that your favorites have been written by those who have a mind of the same general sort as your own. Similiar perspective, similiar interests, difficulties, strengths, etc...
For a more comprehensive approach to the larger issues, you can not do better than Olga Bogdashina's tryptich:
Sensory Perceptual Issues in Autism and Asperger Syndrome
Theory of Mind and the Triad of Perspectives on Autism and Aspergers Syndrome
Communication Issues in Autism and Aspergers Syndrome
Bogdashina is really amazing. Definitely my favorite amongst the neurotypicals writing on the subject. She actually beat the Markrams to the basic assumptions underlying the Intense World Theory (the unifying theory of autism that correctly describes the experience of autism from the inside). Unfortunately, for her, she didn't do it with all the necessary heralds and trumpets, and no one noticed that she got there first. (Well, almost no one.)
Her readers simply turned the page, and kept reading. I hope she eventually gets the recognition she deserves.
If it didn't sound so paternalistic, I would tell you that most of the books, articles, and studies written by academics, (Oh look, I'm gonna do it anyway) ought to carry warning labels for autistics. Something along the lines of: "Read at your own risk. This book may make you feel like shooting yourself in the head". NT experts on autism seem, nearly always, to assume that we will not be reading their work. One is seen as defective to the degree one varies from the neurotypical model. Afterwards, one is left with nothing, but the hope that time will out. And Clio, the muse of history, will, eventually, have her way with all those NTs who have fed at the trough of autism, and have done harm.
Okay, the editorial is over.
All considered, I think I showed remarkable restraint all 'round.
Happy reading!